Energy Loss reduction
Right Choosing Of Film Capacitors for Outdoor Installation (Pole Mounted Capacitors)
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Reclaim an Issue : Loss and Voltage Relationship
In studying of losses in power systems, often spoken that power loss decrease is proportional to the inverse square of system voltage increase. For example, if the voltage is doubled, the losses will be a quarter. It should be noted that this conclusion is correct only when that after increasing the line voltage (and so reducing the line current) conductor cross section remains the same as previous. But this assumption is unreasonable and unwise, because conductor cross section must be chosen based on current amount.
It is a well known relationship that conductor cross-section and the energy loss is proportional to the square of the current. So, if we assume that the correct conductor cross sections is chosen, the following conclusions can be found (in the case of system voltage increasing) :
1 -Because the conductor cross section will reduce proportional to the current decreasing, the costs of conductors purchasing will reduce also. Instead, the cost of the conductors insulating will increase with voltages increasing.
2 – With assuming that the conductor cross section is chosen based on nominal current, then the loss will be proportional to the voltage inverse (instead of the inverse square of voltage).
For example, with doubling of the line voltage, conductor cross-section and the energy loss are both reduced approximately to half (there are other parameters that complicate heat transfer conditions and so we say conductor cross section approximately will reduce to half).
When Loss Reduction Projects Tends to Loss Increasing…
Astronomical clocks, unlike photocells, control street lighting based on time of sunrise and sunset which is calculated based on latitude and longitude of the street. This equipment has a main advantage in respect to photocell which is reducing on-time and off-time errors caused by contamination of the opaque cover of the photocell.
In inspecting one of the pilot projects, accidentally i turned my thermal imaging camera on one of these astronomical clocks (which was installed in the distribution substation) and saw the below image!
This picture reminds me a report that has presented in a loss reduction conference in Madagascar island . In this report, noted that after two years of executing loss reduction projects in an African country , studies show that energy losses increased 1% !!!!!!!